/* expires items that are more recent than the oldest_live setting. */ voiddo_item_flush_expired(void){ int i; item *iter, *next; if (settings.oldest_live == 0) return; for (i = 0; i < LARGEST_ID; i++) { /* The LRU is sorted in decreasing time order, and an item's timestamp * is never newer than its last access time, so we only need to walk * back until we hit an item older than the oldest_live time. * The oldest_live checking will auto-expire the remaining items. */ for (iter = heads[i]; iter != NULL; iter = next) { /* iter->time of 0 are magic objects. */ //iter->time 最近一次的访问时间 //这边为何是iter->time >= settings.oldest_live? //因为在执行do_item_flush_expired方法前,已经上了cache锁,其它worker是不能操作的 //这边过程中,如果遍历每一个Item都去删除,那么这个遍历过程会非常缓慢,会导致客户端一直等待。 // //Memcached就想出了一个聪明的办法,从设置settings.oldest_live到上锁之间,还是会有其它客户端 //操作item数据,那么Memcache就将这一部分数据先清理(这部分数据非常少量),这样就能加快flush的速度 //而剩余iter->time < settings.oldest_live的那大批量的item,会通过惰性删除的方式,在get请求中去判断处理 if (iter->time != 0 && iter->time >= settings.oldest_live) { next = iter->next; if ((iter->it_flags & ITEM_SLABBED) == 0) { do_item_unlink_nolock(iter, hash(ITEM_key(iter), iter->nkey)); } } else { /* We've hit the first old item. Continue to the next queue. */ break; } } } }
//创建一个新的Item item *do_item_alloc(char *key, constsize_t nkey, constint flags, constrel_time_t exptime, constint nbytes, constuint32_t cur_hv){ uint8_t nsuffix; item *it = NULL; //item结构 char suffix[40]; //item_make_header 计算存储数据的总长度 size_t ntotal = item_make_header(nkey + 1, flags, nbytes, suffix, &nsuffix); if (settings.use_cas) { ntotal += sizeof(uint64_t); } //通过ntotal 查询在哪个slabs_class上面 //Memcached会根据存储数据长度的不同,分为N多个slabs_class //用户存储数据的时候,根据需要存储数据的长度,就可以查询到需要存储到哪个slabs_class中。 //每个slabs_class都由诺干个slabs组成,slabs每个大小为1M,我们的item结构的数据就会被分配在slabs上 //每个slabs都会根据自己slabs_class存储的数据块的大小,会被分割为诺干个chunk // //举个例子: //如果id=1的slabs_class为存储 最大为224个字节的缓存数据 //当用户的设置的缓存数据总数据长度为200个字节,则这个item结构就会存储到id=1的slabs_class上。 //当第一次或者slabs_class中的slabs不够用的时候,slabs_class就会去分配一个1M的slabs给存储item使用 //因为id=1的slabs_class存储小于224个字节的数据,所以slabs会被分割为诺干个大小为224字节的chunk块 //我们的item结构数据,就会存储在这个chunk块上面 unsignedint id = slabs_clsid(ntotal); if (id == 0) return0; mutex_lock(&cache_lock); /* do a quick check if we have any expired items in the tail.. */ int tries = 5; /* Avoid hangs if a slab has nothing but refcounted stuff in it. */ int tries_lrutail_reflocked = 1000; int tried_alloc = 0; item *search; item *next_it; void *hold_lock = NULL; rel_time_t oldest_live = settings.oldest_live; //这边就可以得到slabs_class上第一个item的地址 //item数据结构通过item->next和item->prev 来记录链表结构 //这边是寻找LRU 链表的尾部地址 search = tails[id]; /* We walk up *only* for locked items. Never searching for expired. * Waste of CPU for almost all deployments */ //tries = 5 这边只尝试5次循环搜索 //search = tails[id] 搜索从LRU链表 的尾部开始 for (; tries > 0 && search != NULL; tries--, search=next_it) { /* we might relink search mid-loop, so search->prev isn't reliable */ next_it = search->prev; if (search->nbytes == 0 && search->nkey == 0 && search->it_flags == 1) { /* We are a crawler, ignore it. */ tries++; continue; } uint32_t hv = hash(ITEM_key(search), search->nkey); /* Attempt to hash item lock the "search" item. If locked, no * other callers can incr the refcount */ /* Don't accidentally grab ourselves, or bail if we can't quicklock */ if (hv == cur_hv || (hold_lock = item_trylock(hv)) == NULL) continue; /* Now see if the item is refcount locked */ //一般情况下search->refcount为1,如果增加了refcount之后,不等于2,说明item被其它的worker线程锁定 //refcount往上加1,是锁定当前的item,如果不等于2,说明锁定失败 if (refcount_incr(&search->refcount) != 2) { /* Avoid pathological case with ref'ed items in tail */ do_item_update_nolock(search); tries_lrutail_reflocked--; tries++; //try的次数+1 refcount_decr(&search->refcount); //减去1 itemstats[id].lrutail_reflocked++; /* Old rare bug could cause a refcount leak. We haven't seen * it in years, but we leave this code in to prevent failures * just in case */ if (settings.tail_repair_time && search->time + settings.tail_repair_time < current_time) { itemstats[id].tailrepairs++; search->refcount = 1; do_item_unlink_nolock(search, hv); } if (hold_lock) item_trylock_unlock(hold_lock); if (tries_lrutail_reflocked < 1) break; continue; } /* Expired or flushed */ //这边判断尾部的Item是否失效,如果已经失效了的话,将当前的失效的item分配给最新的缓存 if ((search->exptime != 0 && search->exptime < current_time) || (search->time <= oldest_live && oldest_live <= current_time)) { itemstats[id].reclaimed++; if ((search->it_flags & ITEM_FETCHED) == 0) { itemstats[id].expired_unfetched++; } it = search; slabs_adjust_mem_requested(it->slabs_clsid, ITEM_ntotal(it), ntotal); do_item_unlink_nolock(it, hv); /* Iniialize the item block: */ it->slabs_clsid = 0; //slabs_alloc方法是去分配一个新的内存块 } elseif ((it = slabs_alloc(ntotal, id)) == NULL) { tried_alloc = 1; //如果设置了不允许LRU淘汰,则返回ERROR if (settings.evict_to_free == 0) { itemstats[id].outofmemory++; } else { //这边设置了LRU淘汰 //如果分配失败,则从LRU链表尾部,淘汰一个item //如果这个item设置了有效期为0,也会被淘汰 itemstats[id].evicted++; itemstats[id].evicted_time = current_time - search->time; if (search->exptime != 0) itemstats[id].evicted_nonzero++; if ((search->it_flags & ITEM_FETCHED) == 0) { itemstats[id].evicted_unfetched++; } //这边直接将LRU尾部的ITEM淘汰,并且给了最新的ITEM使用 it = search; //重新计算一下这个slabclass_t分配出去的内存大小 //直接霸占被淘汰的item就需要重新计算 slabs_adjust_mem_requested(it->slabs_clsid, ITEM_ntotal(it), ntotal); //从哈希表和lru链表中删除 //it->refcount的值为2,所以item不会被删除,只是HashTable和LRU上的链接关系 do_item_unlink_nolock(it, hv); /* Initialize the item block: */ it->slabs_clsid = 0; /* If we've just evicted an item, and the automover is set to * angry bird mode, attempt to rip memory into this slab class. * TODO: Move valid object detection into a function, and on a * "successful" memory pull, look behind and see if the next alloc * would be an eviction. Then kick off the slab mover before the * eviction happens. */ if (settings.slab_automove == 2) slabs_reassign(-1, id); } } //解除引用锁定 refcount_decr(&search->refcount); /* If hash values were equal, we don't grab a second lock */ if (hold_lock) item_trylock_unlock(hold_lock); break; } /* 如果分配了5次,结果LRU链表尾部的item都是被锁定的,则重新分配一个item */ if (!tried_alloc && (tries == 0 || search == NULL)) it = slabs_alloc(ntotal, id); if (it == NULL) { itemstats[id].outofmemory++; mutex_unlock(&cache_lock); returnNULL; } assert(it->slabs_clsid == 0); assert(it != heads[id]); /* Item initialization can happen outside of the lock; the item's already * been removed from the slab LRU. */ it->refcount = 1; //引用的次数 又设置为1 /* the caller will have a reference */ mutex_unlock(&cache_lock); it->next = it->prev = it->h_next = 0; it->slabs_clsid = id; DEBUG_REFCNT(it, '*'); it->it_flags = settings.use_cas ? ITEM_CAS : 0; it->nkey = nkey; it->nbytes = nbytes; //这边是内存拷贝,拷贝到item结构地址的内存块上 memcpy(ITEM_key(it), key, nkey); it->exptime = exptime; //这边也是内存拷贝 memcpy(ITEM_suffix(it), suffix, (size_t)nsuffix); it->nsuffix = nsuffix; return it; }